Assessment of Oxidative Stress and SOD and GPX Activity in Early-Stage Esophageal Cancer: A Comparative Study with Healthy Control

Alipanah-Moghadam, Reza; Farzaneh, Zahra; Malekzade, Vadoud; Manafi, Farideh; Amiriani, Taghi

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Assessment of Oxidative Stress and SOD and GPX Activity in Early-Stage Esophageal Cancer: A Comparative Study with Healthy Control

Reza Alipanah-Moghadam

, Zahra Farzaneh ^*

, Vadoud Malekzade

, Farideh Manafi

, Taghi Amiriani

Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran , z.farzaneh@arums.ac.ir

Abstract: (67 Views)

Background: Esophageal cancer is among the most fatal malignancies of the digestive tract, with oxidative stress recognized as a key factor in its development. Two critical antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, play essential roles in neutralizing reactive oxygen species and are closely linked to disease progression. This study aimed to assess the serum activity of these enzymes in patients with early-stage esophageal cancer.
Methods: In this case-control study, participants diagnosed with early-stage esophageal cancer were compared with healthy controls. Data on smoking history and dietary habits were collected for both groups. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.
Results: The study revealed that patients with early-stage esophageal cancer exhibited significantly elevated serum levels of malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase activity compared to the control group (p<0.05). Additionally, smoking history and high salt intake were more prevalent among patients (p<0.05). Although superoxide dismutase activity was higher in the patient group, the difference was not statistically significant. In contrast, the control group reported significantly greater consumption of fruits, vegetables, and unsaturated fats than the patient group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study showed that in the early stages of esophageal cancer, despite oxidative stress and increased serum malondialdehyde levels, serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities are increased.

Keywords: Esophageal Cancer, Oxidative Stress, Glutathione Peroxidase, Superoxide Dismutase, Food Habits

Full-Text [PDF 394 kb] (48 Downloads)

Type of Study: article | Subject: Biochemistry
Received: 2025/10/8 | Accepted: 2025/11/9

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