Background & Objectives: Prostatitis is relatively one of the common diseases in elderly men. Treatment of this disease is difficult and because of frequent relapses, it provides complicated problems for patients and the physicians. Detection of reservoirs and determination of prevalence of involved microbes in prostatitis are important in the epidemiology and control of the disease. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium�in patients with prostatitis by sequencing and PCR-RFLP techniques.

  Methods : In this cross-sectional study, 200 paraffin-embedded prostate samples from patients with prostatitis during 2008-2011 were checked for M. gentialium. After cutting the tissues and homogenization, the genomic DNA was extracted and used as template in PCR. Primers targeting a 465 bp regions of 16S rRNA of M. genitalium were used in the assay. PCR products were sequenced and Cac8I, Bbs I, EcoRI, AluI, TaqI endonucleases were used in RFLP analysis.

  Results : Of 200 samples, 4 were positive in PCR. The results of DNA sequencing and RFLP confirmed the amplified genes corresponded to M. genitalium�G37.

  Conclusion : The Mycoplasma genome present in tissue samples of prostate showed this bacterium could be one of the risk factors for prostatitis in men. However large studies and control groups are needed to prove this finding.