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Mitochondrial/Lysosomal Protective and Antioxidant Agents Reduce Toxicity Induced by Toluene in Human Lymphocytes
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Enayatollah Seydi    , Jalal Pourahmad , Behnaz Shoja Talatappe , Ahmad Salimi * |
| Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran , salimikd@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (1905 Views) |
Background & objectives: Toluene as a systemic toxin and industrial solvents has different effects on vital organs of the body. There is little mechanistic study of the interactions between toluene and human lymphocytes. In this study, the direct toxicity of toluene and the potential of agents with antioxidant, mitochondrial/lysosomal protective effects to reduce its possible toxicity in human lymphocytes were studied.
Methods: Blood lymphocytes were isolated from healthy male volunteer's blood, using Ficoll Paque Plus followed by gradient centrifugation. In this study, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, lipid peroxidation (LPO), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), lysosomal membrane damage, glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels, were determined in blood lymphocytes after incubation with toluene and antioxidant, mitochondrial and lysosomal protective compounds.
Results: Results showed that toluene reduced lymphocyte viability, increased ROS levels, LPO content, damage to lysosomal membranes, mitochondrial damages and GSH depletion, which these damages were significantly inhibited by dibutyl hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a synthetic antioxidant, cyclosporine A (Cs. A) as an inhibitor of mitochondrial pores, and chloroquine as a lysosomotropic agent.
Conclusion: Results of our study suggest that using of antioxidants, mitochondrial and lysosomal protective agents can be effective in reducing toluene-induced toxicity in exposed individuals. |
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| Keywords: Toluene, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Mitochondria, Mitochondrial Protective Agents |
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Full-Text [PDF 1847 kb]
(1076 Downloads)
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Type of Study: article |
Subject:
بهداشت
Received: 2020/06/21 | Accepted: 2021/01/29 | Published: 2021/01/29
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