Background & objectives : Ovarian cancer is the most common female reproductive cancer which is caused due to the malignant transformation of ovarian cells. This type of cancer is the fifth most common cancer among women and the primary cause of cancer deaths in the world. Axin2 gene is a tumor suppressor gene of the Axin family in WNT cycle which is essential for embryonic development. WNT proteins in this pathway have important intermediary role in cell messaging and in primary and secondary development of the embryo. Axin2 gene is activated as a negative feedback to prevent excessive proliferation of cells with simultaneous activation of WNT messaging. The aim of this study was to find the frequency of mutation in rs1133683 region of exon 5 in Axin2 gene and its relation with the risk of ovarian cancer.

  Methods : In this case-control study, 100 patients with ovarian cancer together with equal number of same age as controls were collected from Imam Khomeini Hospital. DNAs were extracted from blood and tissue and then were investigated by PCR-RFLP. Data analysis was performed using software SPSS (version 19) using logistic regression.

  Results : The results of study of mutation in rs1133683 region of exon 5 in Axin2 gene between two groups of case and controls indicated that there is no significant association between CT genotype with ovarian cancer (OR=1.26, 95%CI 0.70-2.27,p=0.43). Also no association was observed between TT genotype of Axin2 gene and ovarian cancer risk (OR=1.56, 95%CI 0.49-4.96, p=0.44).

  Conclusion : Study of mutation in rs1133683 region showed that there was no association between TT genotype carriers of Axin2 gene and the risk of ovarian cancer.